Post-Incarceration Syndrome(PICS) is characterized by five stages: Institutionalized Personality Traits, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Antisocial Personality Traits, Social Sensory Deprivation Syndrome, and Substance Abuse Disorder. Despite evidence suggesting a high prevalence of mental illness among inmates, the American Psychological Association (APA) has not yet acknowledged this reality due to research limitations within prisons, potentially underestimating the true extent of harm and mental health issues in carceral settings.
Post-Incarceration Syndrome (PICS) encompasses a range of symptoms, including anxiety, depression, difficulty concentrating, nightmares, hypervigilance, and social alienation, experienced by individuals upon release from incarceration. These symptoms are often attributed to the traumatic experiences of incarceration, such as loss of freedom, exposure to violence, isolation, and limited access to resources. Reintegration challenges, such as finding housing, employment, and dealing with stigma, further exacerbate PICS. Treatment options typically involve therapy, support groups, and assistance with practical needs.
Terence T. Gorski (1949–2020), MA, CAC, was the founder and president of The CENAPS Corporation, an international training and consulting organization specializing in addiction and related mental health problems with a specialty in relapse prevention and cognitive restructuring. Mr. Gorski coined the phrase PICS, or Post Incarceration Syndrome, to identify the psychological effects and trauma as a result of incarceration.
The implications of our research are far-reaching. By shedding light on the often-overlooked consequences of incarceration, we hope to catalyze systemic changes in policies and practices surrounding criminal justice and mental health. Moreover, by amplifying the voices of those directly impacted by PICS, we seek to foster empathy, understanding, and support within communities and institutions.
Our research represents a crucial step towards addressing the multifaceted challenges faced by individuals affected by PICS. Through rigorous scientific inquiry and advocacy efforts, we aspire to effectuate meaningful change in the recognition, treatment, and support of this vulnerable population.
Post-Incarceration Syndrome (PICS) affects countless individuals, making reintegration into society challenging. If you or someone you love has experienced incarceration, taking the PICS Assessment can be the first step toward understanding and healing.
